- Every time a character is typed on a keyboard a code number is transmitted to the computer.
- The code numbers are stored in binary on computers as Character Sets called ASCII.
- The table below shows a version of ASCII that uses 7 bits to code each character. The biggest number that can be held in 7-bits is 1111111 in binary (127 in decimal). Therefore 128 different characters can be represented in the ASCII character set (Using codes 0 to 127). More than enough to cover all of the characters on a standard English-Language keyboard.
- Click here for the full ASCII table.
- The ASCII has been used for a long time. But it has some
serious shortcomings:
- It only uses English alphabets.
- It is limited to 7-bits, so it can only represent 128 distinct characters.
- It is not usable for non-latin languages, such as Chinese.
- Character form of a decimal digit In ASCII, the number character is not the same as the actual number value. For example, the ASCII value 011 0100 will print the character '4', the binary value is actually equal to the decimal number 52. Therefore ASCII cannot be used for arithmetic.
1a. What is the minimum number of bits that are required to uniquely represent the characters of English alphabet? (Consider upper case characters alone)
The number of unique bit patterns using i bits is 2i We need at least 26 unique bit patterns. The cleanest approach is to compute log2 26 and take the ceiling .This yields 5 as the answer. Trial and error is also an acceptable solution.
1b. how many more characters can be uniquely represented without requiring additional bits?
With 5 bits, we can represent up to 32 (25) unique bit patterns; we can represent
32 - 26 = 6 more characters without requiring additional bits.
2 Using 7 bits to represent each number, write the representations of 23 and -23 in signed
Magnitude and 2's complement integers.
Signed Magnitude | 1's Complement | 2's Complement | |
23 | 0010111 | 0010111 | 0010111 |
-23 | 1010111 | 1101000 | 1101001 |
Answer & Explanation
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