The trait theory of leadership postulates that successful leadership arises from certain inborn personality traits and characteristics that produce consistent behavioral patterns. This line of research emerged as one of the first investigations into the nature of effective leadership. Show
Trait Theory of Leadership RationaleThe trait theory of leadership is tied to the "great man" theory of leadership first proposed by Thomas Carlyle in the mid-1800s. According to Carlyle, history is shaped by extraordinary leaders. This ability to lead is something that people are simply born with, Carlyle believed, and not something that could be developed. Carlyle's ideas inspired early research on leadership, which almost entirely focused on inheritable traits. Carlyle's theory of leadership was based on the rationale that:
Even today, books, and articles tout the various characteristics necessary to become a great leader, suggesting that leadership is somehow predestined in some (or is at least more likely) while unlikely, if not impossible, in others. Since the publication of Carlyle's thesis, psychologists have examined and argued about the trait-based theory of leadership. From the 1940s to the 1970s, psychologist Ralph Melvin Stogdill suggested that leadership is the result of the interaction between the individual and the social situation and not merely the result of a predefined set of traits. Soon after in the 1980s, James M. Kouzes and Barry Z. Posner posited that credibility was a key indicator of leadership skills, characterized by such traits as being honest, forward-looking, inspiring, and competent. The 8 Major Theories of Leadership Leadership TraitsWhile the list of leadership traits can vary by whoever is drawing up the list, a recent study outlined behavioral traits that separated lower-level supervisors from higher-level supervisors. According to the researchers, the traits most commonly associated with great leadership include:
Controversy on the Trait TheoryEarly studies on leadership focused on the differences between leaders and followers with the assumption that people in leadership positions would display more leadership traits than those in subordinate positions. What researchers found, however, was that there were relatively few traits that could be used to distinguish between leaders and followers. For example, leaders tend to be great communicators. Leaders also tend to be higher in traits such as extroversion, self-confidence, and height, but these differences tended to be small. There are obvious flaws in the trait-based theory. While proponents suggest that certain traits are characteristic of strong leaders, those who possess the traits don't always become leaders. Some have suggested that this may due to situational variables in which leadership skills only emerge when an opportunity for leadership arises (such as in war, during a political crisis, or in the absence of leadership). Meanwhile, others have taken a contingency approach to leadership in which certain traits can be more effective in some situations and less so in others. Opinions vary on what those traits are and to what degree they can predict success, if at all. Leadership in the Internet AgeMore controversial yet is the contention that some people don't have the traits to become leaders. Such a belief inherently overlooks social and economic inequities that limit, if not entirely erase, a person's potential to lead. It also overlooks the changing economy and how leadership is defined when connections are today made both online and offline. As outlets for leadership continue to change (such as with social media and e-commerce), the traits needed to succeed are different simply because there are fewer intermediaries. Within this realm, the ability to influence is arguably more important than the ability to lead. A Word From VerywellWhile these traits are often linked to effective leadership, it is important to note that few leaders possess all of these traits. Generally, a strong leader will have many of these qualities. But aspects of the situation also play an important role in determining if people are able to lead well. In many cases, it is the interaction between these traits and the situation that determines leadership quality. What traits have strong correlation with leadership?Some traits that are consistently related to leadership include intelligence (both mental ability and emotional intelligence), personality (extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, self-esteem), and integrity.
What are some characteristics of effective leaders quizlet?Terms in this set (10). honesty. leaders have to be honest. ... . responsibility. if you are going to make decision, then you should take responsibility for the decision that you make. ... . confidence. you have to believe in yourself. ... . humility. ... . reliability. ... . patience. ... . decisiveness. ... . determination.. Which theory examines characteristics of leaders and the influence these characteristics have on leadership effectiveness quizlet?Which of the following leadership theories examines the attributes of leaders and the influence these characteristics have on leadership effectiveness? servant leadership.
What is effective leadership based on quizlet?Effective Leadership. The ability of a leader to get high performance from his or her subordinates. Power-influence approach.
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