How do you access a variable outside class in python?

class testing():
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b
        self.c = c

    def house(self):
        d = self.a+self.b+self.c
        print d

module="hello"
p = testing(1, 2, 3)
p.house()

How do I access module variable from within my testing class? I know I could just add it as a parameter to the class constructor by doing:

p=testing(1,2,3,module)

But I don't want to do that unless I have to. What other ways can I access module variable from inside the testing class?

kmario23

52.6k13 gold badges147 silver badges146 bronze badges

asked Feb 9, 2016 at 19:33

3

You simply reference it; you don't need any special global permission to access it. This isn't the best way, but since you haven't described your application and modularity requirements, about all we can do right now is to solve your immediate problem.

By the way, your a, b, c references are incorrect. See below.

class testing():
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b
        self.c = c
        self.greeting = module

    def house(self):
        d = self.a + self.b + self.c
        print d
        print self.greeting

module="hello"
p = testing(1, 2, 3)
p.house()

Output:

6
hello

answered Feb 9, 2016 at 19:37

PrunePrune

75.7k14 gold badges56 silver badges76 bronze badges

1

You could use globals(). But I'm not sure if this is good idea at all.

class testing():
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b
        self.c = c

    def house(self):
        print(globals()['module'])
        d = self.a + self.b + self.c
        print(d)


module = 'here'
t = testing(1, 2, 3)
t.house()

Output:

# here
# 6

answered Feb 9, 2016 at 19:40

2

Maybe I don't understand the question, it already works since the global variable "module" is defined before you instantiated the class.

class testing():
    def __init__(self, a, b, c):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b
        self.c = c

    def house(self):
        d = self.a+self.b+self.c
        print module
        print d

module="hello"
p = testing(1, 2, 3)
p.house()

outputs:

hello

6

answered Feb 9, 2016 at 19:41

stevensteven

2281 silver badge13 bronze badges

Python is an object-oriented programming language. Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and methods. A Class is like an object constructor, or a "blueprint" for creating objects.

The variables that are defined outside the class can be accessed by any class or any methods in the class by just writing the variable name.

Example

# defined outside the class'
# Variable defined outside the class.
outVar = 'outside_class'    
print("Outside_class1", outVar)
''' Class one '''
class Ctest:
   print("Outside_class2", outVar)
   def access_method(self):
      print("Outside_class3", outVar)
# Calling method by creating object
uac = Ctest()
uac.access_method()
''' Class two '''
class Another_ Ctest_class:
   print("Outside_class4", outVar)
   def another_access_method(self):
      print("Outside_class5", outVar)
# Calling method by creating object
uaac = Another_ Ctest_class()
uaac.another_access_method()
The variables that are defined inside the methods can be accessed within that method only by simply using the variable name.
# defined inside the method'
'''class one'''
class Ctest:
   print()
   def access_method(self):
      # Variable defined inside the method.
      inVar = 'inside_method'
      print("Inside_method3", inVar)
uac = Ctest()
uac.access_method()
'''class two'''
class AnotherCtest:
   print()
   def access_method(self):
      print()
uaac = AnotherCtest()
uaac.access_method()

Updated on 06-Aug-2020 13:21:56

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