This section describes how to download, install, and start MySQL Shell, which is an interactive JavaScript, Python, or SQL interface supporting development and administration for MySQL Server. MySQL Shell is a component that you can install separately. MySQL Shell supports X Protocol and enables you to use X DevAPI in JavaScript or Python to develop applications that communicate with a MySQL Server functioning as a document store. For information about using
MySQL as a document store, see Using MySQL as a Document Store. Important For the Community and Commercial versions of MySQL Shell: Before installing MySQL Shell, make sure you have the Visual C++ Redistributable for Visual Studio 2015 (available at the Microsoft Download Center)
installed on your Windows system. Requirements MySQL Shell is available on Microsoft Windows, Linux, and macOS for 64-bit platforms.
Installing and Starting MySQL Connecting to the MySQL Server with the mysql Client
Some Basic Operations with MySQL Other Important Tasks to Perform
Troubleshooting Other Helpful Resources
Installing and Starting MySQL There are different ways
to install MySQL. The following covers the easiest methods for installing and starting MySQL on different platforms. Linux. The easiest way to install MySQL is to use the MySQL repositories: For Yum-based Linux distributions like Oracle Linux, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Fedora, follow the instructions in
A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL Yum Repository. If your system cannot use the MySQL Yum repository for some reason, follow the instructions in Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages from Oracle. For APT-based
distributions like Debian and Ubuntu, follow the instructions in A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL APT Repository. If your system cannot use the MySQL APT repository for some reason, follow the instructions in Installing MySQL on Linux Using
Debian Packages from Oracle. For SUSE Linux Enterprise, follow the instructions in A Quick Guide to Using the MySQL SLES Repository. If your system cannot use the MySQL SUSE repository for some reason, follow the instructions in
Installing MySQL on Linux Using RPM Packages from Oracle.
For Linux distributions that do not support the MySQL repositories or the installation packages mentioned above, you can install MySQL using generic binaries: Download the .tar or .tar.gz archive for the generic binaries for
Linux from the Download MySQL Community Server page. See Installing MySQL on Unix/Linux Using Generic Binaries for instructions on installing the binaries. After installing the binaries, following the instructions given in
Initializing the Data Directory. It is especially important to note the random root password generated for you during the initialization process; see Initializing the Data Directory for more detail. Next, follow the instructions given in
Starting the Server.
Detailed instructions, as well as other methods for installation, can be found in Installing MySQL on Linux. Microsoft Windows. The recommended way to install MySQL on Microsoft Windows is to use the MySQL Installer; see
MySQL Installer Method on how to download and run the MySQL Installer. For a detailed explanation for each step of the installation wizard, see MySQL Installer for Windows. If you have chosen to configure MySQL as a Windows service during the installation process, which is the
default option (see Windows Service for details), the MySQL server will start automatically after the installation process is completed. Detailed information regarding Windows installation, including alternative installation methods and instructions for troubleshooting, can be found in
Installing MySQL on Microsoft Windows. macOS. The recommended way for installing MySQL on macOS is to use the macOS installer package. See Installing MySQL on macOS Using Native Packages on how to download and run the installer package, and how to start the MySQL server
afterward. Detailed information regarding installation on macOS can be found in Installing MySQL on macOS. Other platforms. For installations on other platforms (for example, FreeBSD and Solaris), as well as installation methods not covered above, see Installing and Upgrading MySQL.
Connecting to the MySQL Server with the mysql Client Once your MySQL server is up and running, you can connect to it as the superuser root with the mysql client. On Linux, enter the following command at the command line terminal (for installation using generic binaries, you might need to go first to the bin
folder under the base directory of your MySQL installation): $> mysql -u root -p
On Windows, click , , , (or , respectively). If you did not install MySQL with the MySQL Installer, open a command prompt, go to the bin folder under the base directory of your MySQL installation, and issue the following command: C:\> mysql -u root -p
You are then asked for the root password, which was assigned in different manners according to the way you installed MySQL. The installation and
initialization instructions given above already explain the root password, but here is a quick summary: For installations using the MySQL Yum repository, MySQL SUSE repository, or RPM packages directly downloaded from Oracle, the generated root password is in the error log. View it with, for example, the following command: $> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
For installations using the MySQL APT repository or Debian packages directly downloaded from Oracle, you should have
already assigned the root password yourself; if you have not done that for some reason, see the "Important" note here or How to Reset the Root Password. For installations on Linux using the generic binaries followed by a data directory
initialization using mysqld
--initialize as discussed in Initializing the Data Directory, the generated root password is displayed in the standard error stream during the data directory's initialization: [Warning] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost:
iTag*AfrH5ej
Note Depending on the configuration you used to initialize the MySQL server, the error output might have been directed to the
MySQL error log; go there and check for the password if you do not see the above message on your screen. The error log is a file with a .err extension, usually found under the server's data directory (the location of which depends on the server's configuration, but is likely to be the data folder under the base directory of your MySQL installation, or the /var/lib/mysql folder). If you have
initialized the data directory with mysqld --initialize-insecure instead, the root password is empty. For installations on Windows using the MySQL Installer and OS X using the installer package, you should have assigned a root password yourself.
If you have forgotten the root password you have chosen or have problems finding the temporary root password generated for you, see
How to Reset the Root Password. Once you are connected to the MySQL server, a welcome message is displayed and the mysql> prompt appears, which looks like this: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.32 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
At this point, if you have logged in using a temporary root password that was generated during the installation or initialization process (which will be the case if you installed MySQL using the MySQL Yum
repository, or using RPM packages or generic binaries from Oracle), change your root password by typing the following statement at the prompt: mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
Until you change your root password, you will not be able to exercise any of the superuser privileges, even if you are logged in as root. Here are a few useful things to remember when using the mysql client: Client commands (for example, help, quit, and clear)
and keywords in SQL statements (for example, SELECT, CREATE TABLE, and INSERT) are not case-sensitive. Column names are case-sensitive. Table names are case-sensitive on most Unix-like platforms, but not case-sensitive on Windows
platforms. Case-sensitivity during string comparison depends on the character collation you use. In general, it is a good idea to treat all identifiers (database names, table names, column names, etc.) and strings as case-sensitive. See Identifier Case Sensitivity and Case Sensitivity in String Searches
for details. You can type your SQL statements on multiple lines by pressing Enter in the middle of it. Typing a semicolon (;) followed by an Enter ends an SQL statement and sends it to the server for execution; the same happens when a statement is ended with \g or \G (with the latter, returned results are displayed vertically). However, client commands (for example, help, quit, and clear) do not require a terminator.
To
disconnect from the MySQL server, type QUIT or \q at the client: mysql> QUIT
Some Basic Operations with MySQL Here are some basic operations with the MySQL server. SQL Statements explains in detail the rich syntax and functionality of the SQL statements that are illustrated below. Showing existing databases. Use a
SHOW DATABASES statement: mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Creating a new database. Use a CREATE DATABASE statement: mysql> CREATE DATABASE pets;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Check if the database has been created: mysql> SHOW DATABASES;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| pets |
| sys |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Creating a table inside a database. First, pick the database in which you want to create the table with a
USE statement: mysql> USE pets
Database changed
The USE statement tells MySQL to use pets as the default database for subsequent statements. Next, create a table with a CREATE TABLE statement: CREATE TABLE cats
(
id INT unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, # Unique ID for the record
name VARCHAR(150) NOT NULL, # Name of the cat
owner VARCHAR(150) NOT NULL, # Owner of the cat
birth DATE NOT NULL, # Birthday of the cat
PRIMARY KEY (id) # Make the id the primary key
);
Data types you can use in each column are explained in
Data Types. Primary Key Optimization explains the concept of a primary key. What follows a # on each line is a comment, which is ignored by the mysql client; see Comments for other comment
styles. Check if the table has been created with a SHOW TABLES statement: mysql> SHOW TABLES;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_pets |
+----------------+
| cats |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
DESCRIBE shows information on all columns of a table: mysql> DESCRIBE cats;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| birth | date | NO | | NULL | |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Adding records into a table. Use, for example, an INSERT...VALUES
statement: INSERT INTO cats ( name, owner, birth) VALUES
( 'Sandy', 'Lennon', '2015-01-03' ),
( 'Cookie', 'Casey', '2013-11-13' ),
( 'Charlie', 'River', '2016-05-21' );
See Literal Values for how to write string, date, and other kinds of literals in MySQL. Retrieving records from a table. Use a SELECT statement, and “*” to match all columns: mysql> SELECT * FROM cats;
+----+---------+--------+------------+
| id | name | owner | birth |
+----+---------+--------+------------+
| 1 | Sandy | Lennon | 2015-01-03 |
| 2 | Cookie | Casey | 2013-11-13 |
| 3 | Charlie | River | 2016-05-21 |
+----+---------+--------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
To select specific columns and rows by a certain condition using the
WHERE clause: mysql> SELECT name FROM cats WHERE owner = 'Casey';
+--------+
| name |
+--------+
| Cookie |
+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Deleting a record from a table. Use a DELETE statement to delete a record from a table, specifying the criterion for deletion with the WHERE clause: mysql> DELETE FROM cats WHERE name='Cookie';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> SELECT * FROM cats;
+----+---------+--------+------------+
| id | name | owner | birth |
+----+---------+--------+------------+
| 1 | Sandy | Lennon | 2015-01-03 |
| 3 | Charlie | River | 2016-05-21 |
+----+---------+--------+------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Adding or deleting a column from a table. Use an ALTER TABLE...ADD statement to add a column. You
can use, for example, an AFTER clause to specify the location of the new column: mysql> ALTER TABLE cats ADD gender CHAR(1) AFTER name;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.24 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
Use DESCRIBE to check the result: mysql> DESCRIBE cats;
+--------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+--------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| gender | char(1) | YES | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| birth | date | NO | | NULL | |
+--------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
SHOW CREATE TABLE shows a CREATE TABLE statement, which provides even more details on
the table: mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE cats\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Table: cats
Create Table: CREATE TABLE `cats` (
`id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`name` varchar(150) NOT NULL,
`gender` char(1) DEFAULT NULL,
`owner` varchar(150) NOT NULL,
`birth` date NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Use ALTER TABLE...DROP to delete a column: mysql> ALTER TABLE cats DROP gender;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> DESCRIBE cats;
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id | int(10) unsigned | NO | PRI | NULL | auto_increment |
| name | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| owner | varchar(150) | NO | | NULL | |
| birth | date | NO | | NULL | |
+-------+------------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
See the Tutorial for more instructions on how to work with the MySQL server. Create more user accounts. root is a superuser account
for administration of the MySQL server which should not be used for general operations. On how to create user accounts of various kinds, see Adding Accounts, Assigning Privileges, and Dropping Accounts. Configure MySQL to be managed with systemd. If you have installed MySQL on a systemd platform using generic binaries and want it to be managed with systemd, see
Managing MySQL Server with systemd. Troubleshooting The following are resources for troubleshooting some problems you might run into: Troubleshooting Problems Starting the MySQL Server
Troubleshooting Problems Connecting to MySQL How to Reset the Root Password Common Errors When Using MySQL Programs
Other Helpful Resources MySQL Reference Manual (select the version with the version switch) Download MySQL Community Server Installing and Upgrading MySQL
Using Option Files Tutorial on using the mysql client program to work with MySQL What Is New in MySQL 8.0
Using MySQL as a Document Store
Legal Notices Copyright © 1997, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your
license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to
us in writing. If this is software or related documentation that is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs) and Oracle computer documentation or other Oracle data delivered to or accessed by
U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" or "commercial computer software documentation" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, reproduction, duplication, release, display, disclosure, modification, preparation of derivative works, and/or adaptation of i) Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware,
and modifications of such programs), ii) Oracle computer documentation and/or iii) other Oracle data, is subject to the rights and limitations specified in the license contained in the applicable contract. The terms governing the U.S. Government's use of Oracle cloud services are defined by the applicable contract for such services. No other rights are granted to the U.S. Government. This software or hardware is developed for general use in a variety of information management
applications. It is not developed or intended for use in any inherently dangerous applications, including applications that may create a risk of personal injury. If you use this software or hardware in dangerous applications, then you shall be responsible to take all appropriate fail-safe, backup, redundancy, and other measures to ensure its safe use. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates disclaim any liability for any damages caused by use of this software or hardware in dangerous applications.
Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Intel and Intel Inside are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. AMD, Epyc, and the AMD logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. UNIX is a registered trademark of The Open Group.
This software or hardware and documentation may provide access to or information about content, products, and services from third parties. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates are not responsible for and expressly disclaim all warranties of any kind with respect to third-party content, products, and services unless otherwise set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. Oracle Corporation and its affiliates will not be responsible for any loss, costs, or damages incurred due
to your access to or use of third-party content, products, or services, except as set forth in an applicable agreement between you and Oracle. This documentation is NOT distributed under a GPL license. Use of this documentation is subject to the following terms: You may create a printed copy of this documentation solely for your own personal use. Conversion to other formats is allowed as long as the actual content is not altered or edited in any way. You shall not publish or
distribute this documentation in any form or on any media, except if you distribute the documentation in a manner similar to how Oracle disseminates it (that is, electronically for download on a Web site with the software) or on a CD-ROM or similar medium, provided however that the documentation is disseminated together with the software on the same medium. Any other use, such as any dissemination of printed copies or use of this documentation, in whole or in part, in another publication,
requires the prior written consent from an authorized representative of Oracle. Oracle and/or its affiliates reserve any and all rights to this documentation not expressly granted above.
How do you install MySQL on Windows using CMD?
Execute the following command in the cmd path of bin in mysql extracted path(i.e. in the path C:Users\Username\Documents\mysql\bin>).. Download the archive zipfile from given below directory. Download directory.. unzip the file.. Rename it with 'mysql' (for ease of use of the folder in later steps).. Which command is used to install MySQL?
To install, use the yum command to specify the packages that you want to install. For example: #> yum install mysql mysql-server mysql-libs mysql-server Loaded plugins: presto, refresh-packagekit Setting up Install Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package mysql.
How do I manually install MySQL?
The process for installing MySQL from a ZIP Archive package is as follows:. Extract the main archive to the desired install directory. ... . Create an option file.. Choose a MySQL server type.. Initialize MySQL.. Start the MySQL server.. Secure the default user accounts.. How do I install MySQL on Windows 10 terminal?
To install MySQL Shell on Microsoft Windows using the MSI Installer, do the following: Download the Windows (x86, 64-bit), MSI Installer package from http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/shell/. When prompted, click Run. Follow the steps in the Setup Wizard.
| 
