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| Question | Answer |
|---|
| Cognitive neuroscience studies relationships between______.
| thought processes and brain functions.
|
| Professor Lopez believes that severe depression results primarily from an imbalanced diet and abnormal brain chemistry. Professor Lopez favors a ________ perspective on depression.
| neuroscience.
|
| The biopsychosocial approach provides an understanding of social-cultural influences integrated within the larger framework of
| multiple levels of analysis.
|
| In its early years, psychology focused on the study of ________, but from the 1920s into the 1960s, American psychologists emphasized the study of ________.
| mental life; observable behavior.
|
| Mrs. Alfieri believes that her husband's angry outbursts against her result from his unconscious hatred of his own mother. Mrs. Alfieri is looking at her husband's behavior from a(n) ________ perspective.
| psychodynamic.
|
| Dr. Lipka focuses on ways to improve employee job satisfaction and productivity. Dr. Lipka is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
| industrial/organizational.
|
| Dr. Caleigh conducts research on the relationship between adults' language skills and their capacity to solve mathematical problems. Dr. Caleigh is most likely a _________ psychologist.
| cognitive.
|
| Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on homosexual behavior. Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ perspective.
| behavior genetics.
|
| In the context of debates over the origins of psychological traits, nature is to nurture as
| Plato is to Aristotle.
|
| Akira believes that her son has become a good student because she always praises his learning efforts. Her belief best illustrates a ________ perspective.
| behavioral.
|
| Professor McClure believes that young children are frequently able to make morally correct decisions because humans are endowed with an inborn knowledge of basic ethical principles. The professor's belief is most consistent with the views of
| Plato.
|
| Innate ability is to learned skill as ________ is to ________.
| nature; nurture.
|
| In a class lecture, Professor Hampton emphasized the extent to which abnormal blood chemistry can contribute to psychological disorders. The professor's lecture highlighted a ________ perspective on psychological disorders.
| neuroscience.
|
| The high school counselor has suggested that Skylar's romantic feelings for her physics teacher reflect her unconscious longings for attention from her own father. The counselor's assessment most clearly reflects a(n) ________ perspective.
| psychodynamic.
|
| The behavior genetics perspective would be most directly concerned with assessing the relative influences of
| nature and nurture.
|
| The growth potential of healthy people was emphasized by
| humanistic psychology.
|
| Dr. Winkle conducts basic research on the systematic changes in intelligence associated with aging. It is most likely that Dr. Winkle is a(n) ________ psychologist.
| developmental.
|
| Natassia believes that boys learn to be more aggressive than girls primarily because boys are more frequently pressured to defend themselves with fists. Natassia's belief is best described as an example of the ________ perspective.
| behavioral.
|
| Dr. Ochoa develops tests to accurately identify the most qualified job applicants in a large manufacturing firm. Which psychological specialty does Dr. Ochoa's work best represent?
| industrial/organizational.
|
| Dr. Veenstra conducts basic research on the impact of racial prejudice on behavior. Dr. Veenstra is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
| social.
|
| Janna has low self-esteem because she is often teased for being overweight. Appreciating the complexity of Janna's difficulties requires
| a biopsychosocial approach.
|
| Behaviorists dismissed the value of
| introspection.
|
| Dr. Roberts studies how best to test for individual differences in traits such as anxiety and self-esteem. Which specialty area does her research best represent?
| personality psychology.
|
| Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on homosexual behavior. Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ perspective.
| behavior genetics.
|
| One of the earliest schools of thought in psychology was
| structuralism.
|
| Akira believes that her son has become a good student because she always praises his learning efforts. Her belief best illustrates a ________ perspective.
| behavioral.
|
| Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference promoted the survival of our ancestors' genes. This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.
| evolutionary.
|
| In answering multiple-choice test items, smart test-takers are best advised to
| recall the correct answer to the question before reading the alternative answers.
|
| Mark believes that people's dislike of bitter-tasting foods has promoted human survival. His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.
| evolutionary.
|
| Ali insists that intellectual skills are inherited; Claire argues that intelligence is developed through educational experiences. Ali and Claire have differing perspectives on intelligence that
| may complement each other.
|
| In the 1960s, humanistic psychologists considered the approach advanced by behaviorists to be excessively
| mechanistic.
|
| Dr. Karima conducts basic research on the relative effectiveness of massed practice and spaced practice on a person's ability to remember information. Dr. Karima is most likely a ________ psychologist.
| cognitive.
|
| Dr. Wilcox conducts basic research on the behavioral differences between introverted and extraverted people. Dr. Wilcox is most likely a(n) ________ psychologist.
| personality.
|
| Dr. MacPherson believes that the way students organize and think about the information in their textbooks will strongly influence their ability to later remember and use what they have studied. His ideas most directly exemplify the ________ perspective.
| cognitive.
|
| Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the
| adaptive value of conscious thoughts and emotions.
|
| Dr. Wilson attributes the delinquent behaviors of many teens to the pressures associated with being members of street gangs. Her account best illustrates a(n) ________ perspective.
| social-cultural.
|
| Which psychological perspective is most likely to be concerned with identifying the powers and the limits of human reasoning?
| cognitive.
|
| Smiling is to feeling as ________ is to ________.
| behavior; mental process.
|
| Poor nutrition, family stress, and memory difficulties have all contributed to Mr. Leonard's depression. Effectively explaining the full complexity of his problems requires
| a biopsychosocial approach.
|
| Which perspective highlights the reproductive advantages of inherited psychological traits?
| evolutionary.
|
| The behavioral perspective is most likely to emphasize the importance of
| learning.
|
| In the context of debates regarding the origins of knowledge, Aristotle is to ________ as Plato is to ________.
| nurture; nature.
|
| Comparative psychology is to_____as cross-cultural psychology is to_____.
| species; ethnicity.
|
| How would a positivist know if a person is thinking?
| They cannot know, because they cannot observe it.
|
| A cognitive psychologist is interested in____.
| mental processes.
|
| A_____might be either an experimental or applied psychologist.
| psychometrician.
|
| Which is a psychologist? Someone with an MD, PhD, PsyD, MSW, or religious counselor?
| PHD & PsyD.
|
| Applied Psychologists_____.
| Use ideas developed by experimental psychologists.
|
| A structuralist asks____, a functionalist asks____.
| What, Why.
|
| Behaviorists might be interested in: thoughts, intentions, dreams, sleep, or hunger?
| Sleep.
|
| What is the difference between functionalist and cognitive approaches to psychology?
| Functionalists rely on introspection, cognitive applies to behavior.
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Terms in this set (59) Who highlighted the reproductive advantages of environmentally adaptive traits? functionalism.
Behaviorism is defined as: “The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
