Low urine output in medical terms is Oliguria. Oliguria is known to be less than 400 milliliters of urine output, which is less than approximately 13.5 ounces over 24 hours. Anuria is a disorder where urine does not exist. Anuria is known to be less than 50 milliliters, or less than around 1.7 ounces of urine, over 24 hours. Low urine output, or no urine output, occurs in the setting of Kidney failure and urinary obstruction. As the kidneys fail or are compromised in their ability to function, the kidneys lose the ability to regulate fluids and electrolytes and to remove waste products from the body. Also, it decreases the production of red blood cells (which is normally driven by a substance produced in the kidneys). Low urine output also occurs when there is a decreased blood supply to the kidney, as occurs with dehydration or excessive blood loss. Obstruction of the outflow of urine, whether because of tumors, an enlarged prostate, or bladder problems, can also reduce urine output. Kidney failure can cause decreased urine production that is either acute (as with toxins or sepsis) or chronic (as with diabetes). Chronic kidney failure develops over time and can be the result of poorly controlled diabetes or hypertension. Show The urine 24-hour volume test measures the amount of urine produced in a day. The amounts of creatinine, protein, and other chemicals released into the urine during this period are usually tested as well. How the Test is PerformedFor this test, you must urinate into a special bag or container every time you use the toilet for a 24-hour period.
For an infant: Thoroughly wash the area around the urethra (the hole where urine flows out). Open a urine collection bag (a plastic bag with an adhesive paper on one end).
Check the infant often, and change the bag after the infant has urinated. Empty the urine from the bag into the container provided by your health care provider. An active infant can cause the bag to move. It may take more than one try to collect the sample. When finished, label the container and return it as instructed. How to Prepare for the TestCertain drugs can also affect the test results. Your provider may tell you to stop taking certain medicines before the test. Never stop taking medicine without first talking to your provider. The following may also affect test results:
How the Test will FeelThe test involves only normal urination and there is no discomfort. Why the Test is PerformedYou may have this test if there are signs of damage to your kidney function on blood, urine, or imaging tests. Urine volume is normally measured as part of a test that measures the amount of a substances passed in your urine in a day, such as:
This test may also be done if you have polyuria (abnormally large volumes of urine), such as is seen in people with diabetes insipidus. Normal ResultsThe normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests. Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Some labs use different measurements or test different samples. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results. What Abnormal Results MeanDisorders that cause reduced urine volume include dehydration, not enough fluid intake, or some types of chronic kidney disease. Some of the conditions that cause increased urine volume include:
Alternative NamesUrine volume; 24-hour urine collection; Urine protein - 24 hour Images
ReferencesLandry DW, Bazari H. Approach to the patient with renal disease. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 106. Verbalis JG. Disorders of water balance. In: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, eds. Brenner and Rector's The Kidney. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 15. Review Date 7/19/2021Updated by: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. What is normal hourly urine output?Normal urine output in a healthy individual should be between 0.5-1.5 mL/kg/hour, and patients should generally be urinating at least every 6 hours. Oliguria is defined as the production of inadequate volumes of urine (<500 ml/day in adults, <0.5 mL/kg/hour in children, and <1.0 mL/kg/hour in infants).
How many mL hr of urine is normal?The normal range for 24-hour urine volume is 800 to 2,000 milliliters per day (with a normal fluid intake of about 2 liters per day). The examples above are common measurements for results of these tests.
|
