Hướng dẫn sử dụng def trong python. Bạn sẽ học được cách sử dụng def để khai báo hàm trong python, cũng như cách gọi hàm trong python đã được khai báo sau bài học này. def trong pythondef trong python là một từ khóa (keyword) dùng để xác định một hàm. Chúng ta sử dụng def khi khai báo hàm trong
python.  Trong bài viết Hàm trong Python bạn đã biết có 3 loại hàm trong python, trong đó có một loại hàm mà chúng ta có thể tự tạo hàm để sử dụng trong chương trình, đó chính là hàm Python do người dùng định nghĩa. Khi muốn sử dụng một hàm Python do người dùng định nghĩa, trước hết chúng ta cần khai báo hàm trong python bằng cách sử dụng def trong python với cú pháp hàm như sau: def return Trong đó:
Ví dụ, chúng ta sử dụng def để tạo ra một hàm tính tổng hai số và trả về kết quả trong chương trình như sau: def add(a, b): Lại nữa, nếu một hàm không cần nhận giá trị truyền vào từ bên ngoài thì chúng ta cũng có thể lược bỏ tham số khi khai báo hàm trong python như sau: def return Như ở ví dụ sau đây, chúng ta không sử dụng tham số khi khai báo hàm: def add(): Cuối cùng, def hello(): Gọi hàm trong pythonSau khi khai báo hàm trong python, chúng ta có thể sử dụng hàm đó nhiều lần trong chương trình bằng cách gọi hàm trong python với cú pháp sau đây:
Chúng ta viết tên hàm, sau đó đặt các đối số (các
giá trị truyền vào khi gọi hàm) ở giữa cặp dấu ngoặc đơn Ví dụ, chúng ta khai báo và gọi hàm trong python như sau: def add(a, b): Lưu ý, chúng ta gọi các biến dùng để khai báo hàm là tham số, còn các giá trị thực truyền vào khi gọi hàm là đối số. Giá trị của các đối số sẽ được các tham số tương ứng nhận và
thực hiện các xử lý ở bên trong hàm. Sau khi gọi hàm trong python, một giá trị là kết quả của hàm sẽ được trả về. Giá trị trả về từ hàm có thể được gán vào biến để sử dụng như sau: def add(a, b): Trong trường hợp trong hàm được khai báo không chứa tham số, chúng ta cũng không thể truyền tham số vào hàm được. Khi đó chúng ta sẽ chỉ gọi hàm trong python bằng cách lược bỏ đối số đi như sau:
Ví dụ: def hello(): Lại nữa, nếu như trong hàm đã khai
báo không phải là hàm trả về giá trị trong python, có nghĩa là nó không chứa câu lệnh trả về giá trị return bên trong hàm, thì về mặc định, giá trị def sample(): Lưu ý cuối cùng khi gọi hàm trong python, nếu như bạn gọi một hàm mà hàm đó vốn chưa được khai báo, lỗi NameError sau đây sẽ xảy ra: sample2() Tổng kếtTrên đây Kiyoshi đã hướng dẫn bạn về cách khai báo hàm bằng def trong python, cũng như cách gọi hàm trong python rồi. Để nắm rõ nội dung bài học hơn, bạn hãy thực hành viết lại các ví dụ của ngày hôm nay nhé. Và hãy cùng tìm hiểu những kiến thức sâu hơn về python trong các bài học tiếp theo. Viết bởi Kiyoshi. Đã đăng ký bản quyền tác giả tại <a title="Bạn được tự do chia sẻ bài viết nhưng phải để lại đường link bài viết từ laptrinhcanban.com. Bạn không được sử dụng tài liệu cho mục đích thương mại. 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sizes="" importance="high"></a></div><div id="profiletext2"><p>Tác giả : <a href="https://www.facebook.com/mr.nchita" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">Kiyoshi (Chis Thanh)</a></p><p>Kiyoshi là một <a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/ChisThanh" target="_blank" rel="nofollow noopener">cựu du học sinh tại Nhật Bản</a>. 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class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/gioi-thieu-ngon-ngu-c/">01. Giới thiệu ngôn ngữ C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/cai-dat-moi-truong-lap-trinh-c-c/">02. Cài đặt môi trường lập trình C/C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/viet-chuong-trinh-c/">03. Viết chương trình C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/kien-thuc-co-ban-ve-c/">04. Kiến thức cơ bản về C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/ky-tu-va-so-trong-c/">05. Ký tự và số trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/nhap-xuat-trong-c/">06. Nhập xuất trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/bien-trong-c/">07. Biến trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/lenh-dieu-kien-trong-c/">08. Lệnh điều kiện trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/vong-lap-trong-c/">09. Vòng lặp trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/ham-trong-c/">10. Hàm trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/so-trong-c/">11. Số trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/chuoi-string-trong-c/">12. Chuỗi string trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/con-tro-trong-c/">13. Con trỏ trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/mang-trong-c/">14. Mảng trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/kieu-cau-truc-trong-c/">15. Kiểu cấu trúc trong C</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/c/lap-trinh-c-co-ban/file-trong-c/">16. File trong C</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/">CPP</a><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/">Lập trình C++ cơ bản dành cho người mới học lập trình</a><ul class="category-list-child"><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/gioi-thieu-ngon-ngu-cpp/">01. Giới thiệu ngôn ngữ C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/viet-chuong-trinh-cpp/">03. Viết chương trình C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/kien-thuc-co-ban-ve-cpp/">04. Kiến thức cơ bản về C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/nhap-xuat-trong-cpp/">05. Nhập xuất trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/toan-tu-trong-cpp/">06. Toán tử trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/ky-tu-va-so-trong-cpp/">07. Ký tự và số trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/bien-trong-cpp/">08. Biến trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/lenh-dieu-kien-trong-cpp/">09. Lệnh điều kiện trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/vong-lap-trong-cpp/">10. Vòng lặp trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/ham-trong-cpp/">11. Hàm trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/so-trong-cpp/">12. Số trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/chuoi-string-trong-cpp/">13. Chuỗi trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/con-tro-trong-cpp/">14. Con trỏ trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/kieu-cau-truc-trong-cpp/">15. Kiểu cấu trúc trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/string-trong-cpp/">16. String trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/mang-trong-cpp/">17. Mảng trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/vector-trong-cpp/">18. Vector trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/deque-trong-cpp/">19. Deque trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/list-trong-cpp/">20. List trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/forward-list-trong-cpp/">21. Forward_list trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/set-trong-cpp/">22. Set trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/multiset-trong-cpp/">23. Multiset trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/map-trong-cpp/">24. Map trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/multimap-trong-cpp/">25. Multimap trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/unordered-map-trong-cpp/">26. Unordered_map trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/file-trong-cpp/">27. File trong C++</a></li><li class="category-list-item"><a target="_blank" class="category-list-link" href="https://laptrinhcanban.com/cpp/lap-trinh-cpp-co-ban/huong-doi-tuong-trong-cpp/">28. 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