KuvausPlease note that culture is defined as the collective mental programming of the human mind which distinguishes one group of people from another. This programming influences patterns of thinking which are reflected in the meaning people attach to various aspects of life and which become crystallised in the institutions of a society. This does not
imply that everyone in a given society is programmed in the same way; there are considerable differences between individuals. It may well be that the differences among individuals in one country culture are bigger than the differences among all country cultures. We can, nevertheless, still use such country scores based on the law of the big numbers, and on the fact, most of us are strongly influenced by social control. Please realise that statements about just
one culture on the level of “values” do not describe “reality”; such statements are generalisations and they ought to be relative. Without comparison, a country score is meaningless. The scores used for the fifth dimension are based on the research of Michael Minkov as published in the 3rd and the latest edition of Cultures and Organizations, Software of the Mind (2010), pages 255-258. Go further, discover the
Culture Compass™ or join our open programme Introduction to Cross-Cultural Management. The exploratory stage of this project took place 2006/2007 with a mission to examine the feasibility of producting reliable international comparative measures of the culture sector.
This phase also included assembling initial comparable measures for a sample of five countries and four cities. The tables can be found in the final report available at the link below.
Final report (draft report of this paper was circulated in August 2006) Update of ISCO
Part of the Project involved preparing a submission on culture-related occupations ot the International Labour Office as part of the update process for the 1988 version of the International Standard for the Classification of Occupations (ISCO). The OECD
Secretariat worked with the UNESCO Institute for Statistics and many other groups and individuals to prepare a submission to the ILO.
ISCO submission Survey of national practices in culture statistics
The project carried out a short survey of the practices of OECD member countries in the area of culture statistics. The link to the results follows:
Survey of national practices in
culture statistics - ZIP document (updated on 31st January 2007) Future work
The exploration phase of the Project was successful and a workplan was developed to implement an ongoing programme to publish international comparative measures of the culture sector. The project is currently seeking funding to carry out this work. For further information, please write to
or . International Workshop
The project held a workshop of international experts in Paris in December 2006. A list of the workshop participants, a summary of the discussions and a detailled agenda with presentation material is available below: List of participants (updated on 1st February 2007) Discussion. Summary and recommendations (posted on 9 March 2007): International Measurement of the Economic and Social Importance of Culture (pdf) - Discussion Summary and Recommendations Agenda
La
Muette - Room D 1. Welcome and Introduction: Culture within the Wellbeing Framework of the OECD (Enrico Giovannini, OECD Chief Statistician) 2. Review of Work to Date and in Progress (Chair, Enrico Giovannini, OECD)
2.1 Statistics on culture in the European Union (Marta Beck-Domzalska, Education, Science and Culture Statistics, EU Commission/Eurostat) (powerpoint)
2.2 The global view of culture (Simon Ellis, Head, Science Culture & Communications, UNESCO Institute for Statistics) (powerpoint)
2.3 The OECD project on international measurement of culture and workshop overview (John Gordon, OECD) (English) (powerpoint)
2.4 The OECD 2006 draft report: comparative data (Helen Beilby-Orrin, OECD) (English) (powerpoint)
2.5 Discussion:
Introduced by Ed Pickering, Statistician, Department for Culture, Media and Sport, United Kingdom) 3. Non-Economic Indicators (Chair, Edna dos Santos-Duisenberg, Chief, Creative Industries Programmes, UNCTAD)
Counting culture in Quebec: a system of indicators for culture and communications (Benoit Allaire, Observatoire de la culture et des communications du Québec) - Room document
(English - French)
3.1 Economic & social implications in international cultural indicators (Drs. Elisabetta Lazzaro, Researcher and lecturer in cultural economics, Department of Economics "Marco Fanno", University of Padova) (powerpoint)
3.2 The impact of culture on social development and general well-being: Is it quantifiable?: the Audiovisual sector as an example (Thomas Heskia, Senior lecturer in Economics & Finance, International Centre for Culture and Management, Austria) (powerpoint)
3.3 Measuring
diversity in the recording industry: an international comparison (Heritiana Ranaivoson, Maison des Sciences Economiques, Université Paris 1, France) (powerpoint)
3.4 Discussion: Introduced by John Gordon, OECD 4. Industry Data and Classification Systems (Chair, John Gordon, OECD)
4.1 An economic classification for the culture sector: The
Quebec experience. (Christine Routhier, Observatoire de la culture et des communications, Institut de la statistique du Québec) (English - French) (powerpoint)
4.2 UK work to date and the use of allocation factors:
The problems of mixed classes in economic classifications (Ed Pickering, Statistician, Department for Culture, Media and Sport, United Kingdom) (powerpoint)
4.3 Culture classes in Emtak (the Estonian version of nomenclature générale des Activités économiques dans les Communautés Européennes): The experiences of building a new system for cultural statistics in a small country (Yngve Rosenblad,
Leading Statistician, Social Statistics Department, Statistics Estonia) (English) (powerpoint)
4.4 Discussion Tuesday 5 December (starting time 09:30) 5. Trade Data and Diversity (Chair, Simon Ellis, UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
5.1 Measurement cultural trade: the Canadian case for including craft and Interactive digital media, and for identifying domestic content (Hugh Scheuerman, Strategic Policy, Planning and International and Intergovernmental Affairs and Sport, Department of Canadian Heritage) (English) (powerpoint)
5.2 Capturing
the creative economy in developing countries (Edna Dos Santos, Chief, Creative Industries Programme, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) (powerpoint)
5.3 Measuring the elusive diversity of cultural expressions: UNESCO's experiences with cross-border trade data (Guiomar Alonso Cano, Cultural Enterprise and Copyright Section, UNESCO) (powerpoint)
5.4 Discussion 6. Public Expenditure Data and Classification Systems (Chair, Simon Ellis, UNESCO Institute for Statistics)
6.1 The measurement of public expenditures on culture: the EU experience (Carla Bodo, Associazione per l'Economia della Cultura, Italy with Jean-Cédric Delvainquière, Département des études de la
prospective et des statistiques, Délégation au Développement et aux Affaires Internationales, Ministère de la culture et de la communication, France) (powerpoint)
6.2 Discussion 7. Updating International Standard for the Classification of Occupations (Chair, John Gordon, OECD)
7.1 Discussion: proposed changes and formation of expert
group to finalize submission of recommendations to the International Labour Office (John Gordon with Helen Beilby-Orrin, OECD) - room document (English) 8. Culture Satellite Accounts (Chair, John Gordon, OECD)
8.1 Finland’s Experiences in Developing a Satellite Account for Culture (Aku Alanen, GDP Department, Statistics Finland) (English) (powerpoint)
8.2 The Value of a Satellite Account for Culture: a policy perspective (Kimmo Aulake, Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland) (powerpoint)
8.3 Discussion of possibility of creating an
international group of experts on the creation of satellite accounts for culture. 9. Concluding Session (Chair, Francois Lequiller, OECD)
9.1 Workshop recommendations for OECD's future work on culture (John Gordon) (powerpoint)
Can culture be measured?
The answer is measurement. It’s a Herculean effort to get a group of people to change their normative ways working together. Skepticism that a culture effort will make any difference is a natural, human response, so finding ways to measure, document, and broadcast how culture shifts is imperative.
How do you measure cultural
Here are four types of customizable measurements you can use to get started on tracking cultural-change momentum. • Program/rollout KPIs: These help assess the level of participation in culture and behavior-change efforts, starting at kickoff. These metrics should be easy to identify and tally. Their purpose is simply to demonstrate momentum.
How do we measure how well a country is doing?
For almost a hundred years, two measurements have been used to get a sense of how well a country is doing. One is GDP, or gross domestic product, the amount a country earns.
Measuring the impact of a cultural transformation is complex and multifaceted, but it’s also achievable and necessary. Culture can and should be measured, and the designing of those metrics is a part of the overall journey of a thoughtful, sustainable evolution.
How are cultures measured?
To measure culture, you'll need to measure the alignment of values between leaders, managers, and employees. Employees should understand what your company believes in. Just as importantly, they need to see leaders take actions that support those values. Within an organization, subcultures can exist.
How is cultural distance measured?
A cultural- and institutional distance measure will be calculated using the Pythagorean Theorem to assess the various cultural and institutional differences among countries. In more economic terms, a Euclid- ian space between the countries' scores on each cultural and institutional index is calculated into one measure.
What are the cultures of a country?
Introduction. Studying a country's culture reveals the attitudes and behaviors that the people share. Of course, it would include expression in the arts, but also, what the people eat, when and how they marry, an orientation to time, attitudes toward authority, and many others.
How is cultural similarity measured?
The value of the Index on Cultural Similarity for the cultural similarity of two countries is calculated by discriminant analysis of the populations of the two countries. Discriminant analysis is a statistical procedure to assess, on which variables and to which extent two previously defined groups differ.
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