Hardcover. Condition: Good. No Jacket. Missing dust jacket; Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.
Hardcover. Condition: Good. No Jacket. Drives Toward War. Tolman, Edward C. Appleton-Century, 1942. 118p. hardcover no dust jacket, boards bumped/scuffed, solid binding, text has underlining/marginalia--10.00.
Hardcover. Condition: Good. Presumed First Edition, First printing. xv, [1], 118 pages. Illustrations. Footnotes. Index. Some discoloration to text pages noted. Name of previous owner (Chester C. Bennett, a psychologist noted for community psychology) on the front free endpaper. Includes Foreword, and chapters on Psychologically Adjusted Man; The Biological Drives; The Social Techniques; Heredity, Learning and Psychological Dynamisms; Drive-Conversions; and Psychologically Adjusted Man and the Abolition of War. The author, as an American, an academic and as someone brought up in the pacifist tradition, is intensely biased against war. For him it is stupid, interrupting, unnecessary, and unimaginably horrible. In short, he was driven to discuss the psychology of war and its possible abolition because he wanted intensely to get rid of it. Edward Chace Tolman (April 14, 1886 - November 19, 1959) was an American psychologist and a professor of psychology at the University of California, Berkeley. Through Tolman's theories and works, he founded what is now a branch of psychology known as purposive behaviorism. Tolman also promoted the concept known as latent learning first coined by Blodgett (1929). A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Tolman as the 45th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Tolman was one of the leading figures in protecting academic freedom during the McCarthy era in early 1950s. In recognition of Tolman's contributions to the development of psychology and academic freedom, the Education and Psychology building on Berkeley campus, the "Tolman Hall", was named after him. Derived from a comment posted on line: Man is, societally speaking, an integrated complex the entirety of whose psychological nature must be understood and all his psychological needs be allowed balanced satisfaction if a society permitting relatively universal individual happiness and welfare is to be achieved and war be abolished. It is necessary to combine the emphasis upon the biological drives with a moderate amount of self-assertion and a large amount of collectivity and add to this, easy identification with parents; then it shall be possible to arrive at a new and workable concept that in reality would save the world from its horrors. Such a society can be developed by three main practical devices: evolve an economic order which will abolish too great biological frustrations; invent an educational and social system which encourages and makes possible easy identification with parents and other appropriate authorities; and create a world federation to which individuals, wherever they may be, can become more loyal than they then will be to their narrower national groups. Perhaps Dr. Bennett's best known work is Bennet, Chester C.; Anderson, Luleen S.; Cooper, Soul; Hassol, Leonard; Klein, Donald C. & Rosenblum, Gershen (Eds.) (1966). Community psychology: A report of the Boston conference on the education of psychologists for community mental health. Boston; Boston University Press.
Tolman was born on 14 April 1886 in Newton, Massachusetts. After graduation from high school in 1907 and from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1911, he studied psychology at Harvard until 1915. At this time, he became familiar with two emerging approaches of experimental psychology: Gestalt psychology and behaviorism. These two approaches would inform his entire work as psychologist. In 1915, Tolman received his Ph.D. He spent 3 years at Northwestern University before accepting a position at the University of California at Berkeley in 1918, where he spent the rest of his life.
Tolman’s research focused particularly on animal learning, but in 1942 he published the book Drives Toward War, in which he tried to explain the motives that drive men to go to war as well as the associated social constraints and made suggestions on the social controls necessary to constitute a society without war. Tolman was a man with principles, which also became evident in the...
References Crutchfield, R. S., Krech, D., & Tryon, R. C. (1960). Edward Chace Tolman: A life of scientific and social purpose. Science, 131, 714–716.
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Tolman, E. C. (1920). Instinct and purpose. Psychological Review, 27, 217–233.
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Tolman, E. C. (1932). Purposive behavior in animals and men. New York: Century.
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Tolman, E. C. (1942). Drives towards war. New York: Appleton.
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Tolman, E. C. (1949). There is more than one kind of learning. Psychological Review, 27, 217–233.
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Authors and Affiliations Faculty of Economics and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Education, University of Freiburg, Rempartstr. 11, 3. OG, Freiburg, 79098, Germany
Prof. Norbert M. Seel
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Prof. Norbert M. Seel
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Correspondence to Norbert M. Seel .
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Editors and Affiliations Faculty of Economics and Behavioral Sciences, Department of Education, University of Freiburg, 79085, Freiburg, Germany
Seel, N.M. (2012). Tolman, Edward C. (1886–1959). In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_1841
What is Edward Tolman best known for?
Tolman is perhaps best-known for his work with rats and mazes where he challenged the behaviorist notion that all behavior and learning is a result of the basic stimulus-response pattern. In a classic experiment, rats practiced a maze for several days.
