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What is the mechanism of action for a sulfonylurea such as glyburide used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?Sulfonylureas and meglitinides directly stimulate release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells and thereby lower blood glucose concentrations. Because they work by stimulating insulin secretion, they are useful only in patients with some beta cell function. Adverse effects may include weight gain and hypoglycemia.
Which is involved in the mechanism of lowering blood glucose levels?Somatostatin: decreases blood glucose levels through local suppression of glucagon release and suppression of gastrin and pituitary tropic hormones. This hormone also decreases insulin release; however, its net effect is a decrease in blood glucose levels.
What are the mechanisms by which insulin decreases blood sugar?As can be seen in the picture, insulin has an effect on a number of cells, including muscle, red blood cells, and fat cells. In response to insulin, these cells absorb glucose out of the blood, having the net effect of lowering the high blood glucose levels into the normal range.
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