Bài tập viết lại câu trần thuật lớp 10 năm 2024

Câu tường thuật – Reported Speech là một cấu trúc câu rất phổ biến trong tiếng Anh. Với bài viết hôm nay, IELTS Vietop mời các bạn cùng hệ thống lại kiến thức và tham khảo qua một số dạng bài tập câu tường thuật từ cơ bản đến nâng cao về loại câu này nhé!

Trong tiếng Anh ta có 2 loại câu khi muốn diễn tả lời nói của một đối tượng nào đó, chính là câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp.

Câu trực tiếp – Direct Speech thể hiện lại chính xác lời nói. Ta đặt câu này nằm giữa dấu ngoặc kép (trích dẫn).

E.g.: “Open the door” Henry told them. (“Hãy mở cửa ra.” Henry bảo họ.)

→ Còn khi muốn thuật lại lời nói của ai đó, ta sẽ dùng câu gián tiếp – Indirect Speech, hay còn gọi là câu tường thuật – Reported Speech.

E.g.: Henry told them to open the door. (Henry bảo họ mở cửa ra.)

Chuyển đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật

Thay đổi ngôi (Đại từ nhân xưng, Đại từ sở hữu và Tính từ sở hữu)

Khi chuyển đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật, bạn cần lưu ý:

Nếu động từ của mệnh đề tường thuật dùng ở thì hiện tại thì khi đổi sang câu gián tiếp ta chỉ đổi ngôi; không đổi thì của động từ và trạng từ.

E.g.: “I am living in London.” Molly says.

⇒ Molly says that she is living in London.

Nếu động từ của mệnh đề tường thuật dùng ở thì quá khứ thì khi chuyển sang câu gián tiếp ta đổi ngôi, thì của động từ, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn.

E.g.: “I am living in London.” Molly said.

⇒ Molly said that she was living in London.

Ngôi thứ nhất: dựa vào chủ từ của mệnh đề tường thuật; thường đổi sang ngôi thứ ba

Imemyweusour→ he / she → him / her → his / her→ they → them → their

Ngôi thứ hai: (You, your)

Xét ý nghĩa của câu và đổi cho phù hợp, ta thường đổi dựa vào túc từ (tân ngữ – object) của mệnh đề tường thuật.

Ngôi thứ ba (He / She / Him / Her / His / They / Them / Their): giữ nguyên

Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn

DIRECTINDIRECT – REPORTED SPEECHNow Here This These Today Tonight Yesterday Last year Tomorrow Next month AgoThen There That Those That day That night The day before / the previous day The year before / the previous year The following day / the next day / the day after The following month / the next month / the month after Before

E.g.: “I will go to the cinema tomorrow.” Julie told me.

⇒ Julie told me that she would go to the cinema the next day.

“Juan called me yesterday,” Helen said.

⇒ Helen said that Juan had called her the previous day.

Thay đổi về thì trong câu

DIRECT (trực tiếp)INDIRECT (gián tiếp)Present Simple – V1 /Vs(es) E.g.: “We are ready.” They said.Past Simple – V-ed / V2 E.g.: They said that they were ready.Present Continuous – am / is / are + V-ing E.g.: “My mom is waiting.”, John told Anna.Past Continuous – was / were + V-ing E.g.: John told Anna that his mom was waiting.Present Perfect – have / has + P.P / V3 E.g.: “I haven’t seen her.”, he told me.Past Perfect – had + P.P / V3 E.g.: He told me that he hadn’t seen her.Present Perfect Continuous – have / has been +V-ing E.g.: He said, “I have been doing my homework.”Past Perfect Continuous – had been + V-ing

E.g.: He said that he had been doing his homework.

Past Simple – V2 / -ed E.g.: Tom said, “She went away.” Past Perfect – had + P.P / V3 E.g.: Tom said that she had gone away. Past Continuous – was / were + V-ing E.g.: “I was walking along the street”, Anna said.Past Perfect Continuous – had been +V-ing E.g.: Anna said that she had been walking along the street.Past Perfect – had + P.P / V3 E.g.: “I had just opened the door.” She explained.Past Perfect – had + P.P / V3 E.g.: She explained that she had just opened the door.Simple future – will + V E.g.: “I‘ll come later.” Katherine told me.Present conditional – would + V E.g.: Katherine told me that she would come later.Future Continuous will be + V-ing E.g.: She said, “I‘ll be flying to France next Friday.”Conditional continuous – would be + V-ing E.g.: She said that she would be flying to France next Friday.

Chú ý: Nếu lời nói của đối tượng là một sự thật hiển nhiên thì ta sẽ không lùi thì khi chuyển về câu tường thuật.

E.g.: “The sun rises in the East.” Daisy said.

⇒ Daisy said that the sun rises in the East.

Những modal verbs này không thay đổi: might, could, would, should, ought to

E.g.: She said, “I might bring a friend with me tonight.”

⇒ She said that she might bring a friend with her that night.

Xem thêm các dạng ngữ pháp: Thì hiện tại đơn Thì quá khứ đơn

• Bảng chữ cái tiếng Anh

Câu nghi vấn: từ trực tiếp sang tường thuật

Để chuyển câu nghi vấn trực tiếp thành câu nghi vấn tường thuật, bạn chú ý cấu trúc sau:

• Nghi vấn Yes / No: S + asked/questioned/wanted to know/… (+O) + if/whether + clause

E.g.: “Do you like reading books?” My teacher asked me.

⇒ My teacher asked me if/whether I liked reading books.

• Nghi vấn WH-: S + asked/questioned/wanted to know/… (+O) + WH- + clause

E.g.: “What are you doing?” My teacher asked me.

⇒ My teacher questioned me about what I was doing.

Câu mệnh lệnh: từ trực tiếp sang tường thuật

Để chuyển câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu từ trực tiếp sang tường thuật, ta sử dụng động từ tường thuật phù hợp (requested, ordered, etc.) đi cùng “to” hay “not to” và động từ nguyên mẫu.

S + told/asked/requested/etc. (+ O) + (not) to + V-infinitive

Tường thuật một mệnh lệnh, chúng ta sử dụng động từ “told”.

Tường thuật một mệnh lệnh, chúng ta sử dụng động từ “asked” hay “requested”.

E.g.: “Don’t stay up late!” The mother told her child.

⇒ The mother told her child not to stay up late. (mệnh lệnh)

“Could you pass the milk?” She asked.

⇒ She asked me to pass the milk. (yêu cầu)

Bây giờ, Vietop mời các bạn cùng làm những dạng bài tập dưới đây về câu tường thuật – Reported Speech nhé!

Bài tập câu tường thuật trong tiếng Anh

Bài tập cơ bản

Bài 1: Choose the correct option

1. “I am hungry.”

⇒ He said that he is / was / had been hungry.

1. “I don’t like him.”

⇒ She said she isn’t / wasn’t / doesn’t / didn’t like him.

1. “My dog will come with me.”

⇒ He said that his dog will come / would come / comes with him.

1. “It was sunny and hot.”

⇒ The man said that it is / was / has been / had been sunny and hot.

1. “I’m having your pens.”

⇒ Juan said that he is having / was having my pens.

1. “Somebody phoned my sister.”

⇒ He said that somebody phoned / had phoned / phones his sister.

1. “I can see you from here.” He says.

⇒ He says he can / could see me from there.

1. “We danced with them.”

⇒ They said that they danced / had danced / dance with them.

Xem thêm: Perspective là gì

Bài 2: FIll in the blank with the correct form of the verb to make a reported speech

1. “I am going to paint a painting.”

⇒ He told us he ______ going to paint a painting

1. “Who do you play with?”

⇒ My father asked me who I ______ with.

1. “It was a wonderful time.”

⇒ They said it ______ a wonderful time.

1. “I have never seen a tiger.”

⇒ She said she ______ a tiger.

1. “I will help my granddad.”

⇒ He told me he ______ his granddad.

1. “Who drank the milk?”

⇒ Susan asked who ______ the milk.

1. “Don’t park here!”

⇒ The security told me ______ there.

1. “You should listen to the teacher.”

⇒ He told me that I ______ to the teacher.

Bài tập nâng cao

Bài 3: Transform the following sentences into reported speech

1. “Close the door, please,”

My teacher told me ____________ the door.

1. “Don’t spend too much money.”

My mom told me ____________ too much money.

1. “Don’t be frightened.” She told her son.

She told her son ____________.

1. “Hurry up.”

He told me ____________.

1. Tom told his child: “Don’t touch my computer.”

Tommy told his child ____________.

1. “Be quiet, children.” She said.

She told the children ____________.

1. “Don’t be late, Tim.”

Tim’s girlfriend told him ____________.

1. “Don’t go near the lake, children.”

The mother warned her children ____________ near the lake.

9. Marie told me: “Write a text message!”

Marie told me ____________.

10. Do your homework! Our teacher said.

\=> Our teacher told us ……………….

Bài 4: Rewrite the direct speech into reported speech

1. Adam told me: “I will lend you the money.”
2. “I was waiting for the bus when my boyfriend arrived.” My sister said.
3. “I’ll have a cup of tea with you.” My boss said.
4. “I always wake up early,” He said.
5. “I can’t drive a car.” Tim told me.
6. “I’ll send you a postcard.” Mary told us.
7. Linda said to me: “I have done my task already.”
8. “I am not doing the housework.” Jim said.
9. “I saw an accident last month.” Percy said.
10. “Marcy had told me everything before you came.” Lisa said to Fred.

Bài 5: Rewrite the direct speech into reported speech

1. “Did you arrive before eight?” My teacher asked me.
2. “We had never been to Paris until last year.” Kate and James told us.
3. “Please give this to John,” Anna said to Henry.
4. “Could you give me the pair of glasses on the table, please?” She asked.
5. “How was your holiday?” My uncle asked me.
6. “Please reply as soon as possible!” Tim reminded John.
7. “I would have visited you if I had known you were sick,” Linn told Thomas.
8. “Don’t do it again.” She said to them.
9. “Would you mind telling me how to get to the hospital?” The lady asked me.
10. “How long are you going to stay?” I asked him.

Đáp án

Bài tập cơ bản

Bài 1

1. was
2. didn’t
3. would come
4. had been
5. was having
6. had phoned
7. can
8. had danced

Bài 2

1. was
2. played
3. had been
4. had never seen
5. would help
6. had drunk
7. not to park
8. should listen

Bài tập nâng cao

Bài 3

1. My teacher told me to close the door.
2. My mom told me not to spend too much money.
3. She told her son not to be frightened.
4. He told me to hurry up.
5. Tommy told his child not to touch his computer.
6. She told the children to be quiet.
7. “Don’t be late, Tim.”
8. Tim’s girlfriend told him not to be late.
9. The mother warned her children not to go near the lake.
10. Marie told me to write a text message.
11. Our teacher told us to do our homework.

Bài 4

1. Adam told me that he would lend me the money.
2. My sister said that she had been waiting for the bus when her boyfriend arrived.
3. My boss said that he/she would have a cup of tea with me.
4. He said that he always woke up early.
5. Tim told me that he couldn’t drive a car.
6. Mary told us that she would send us a postcard.
7. Linda told me that she had done her task already.
8. Jim said that he was not doing the housework.
9. Percy said that he had seen an accident the month before.
10. Lisa told Fred that Marcy had told her everything before he came.

Bài 5

1. My teacher asked me if I had arrived before eight.
2. Kate and James told us that they had never been to Paris until the year before.
3. Anna asked Henry to give this to John.
4. She asked me to give her the pair of glasses on the table.
5. My uncle asked me how my holiday had been.
6. Tim reminded John to reply as soon as possible.
7. Linn told Thomas she would have visited him if she had known he was sick.
8. She told them not to do it again.
9. The lady asked me how to get to the hospital.
10. I asked him how long was he going to stay.

Hy vọng sau khi xem lại những kiến thức tổng quát cũng như thực hành làm qua các bài tập câu tường thuật – Reported Speech trong tiếng Anh, các bạn đã nắm vững được cách sử dụng loại câu này để có thể ứng dụng chúng vào những bài thi, kiểm tra ở trường và cả trong cuộc sống hàng ngày. Vietop chúc các bạn học tốt và hẹn các bạn ở các bài viết sau.