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An observational empirical study, which is done by observation of an on-going project or activity. A case study typically monitors a project or assignment. Case studies are normally aimed at tracking a specific attribute or establishing relationships between different attributes. Learn more in: Evaluating Open Source Software through Prototyping 44. Qualitative studies often use a case study approach to explore phenomena with one or more individuals and use a variety of data collection procedures over time (Creswell, 2009 AU13: The in-text citation "Creswell, 2009" is not in the reference list. Please correct the citation, add the reference to the list, or delete the citation. ; Punch, 2009 ). Because of the dynamic data, Yin (2009) suggested that case studies offer the “how” and “why” to complement research studies and due to the amount of time and data that is needed, should be carefully selected. Learn more in: Mobile Learning in Higher Education 45. A qualitative method and methodology focused on gathering information about a single case or set of cases relative to a particular topic or phenomenon and bounded by a set of contextual factors. Learn more in: A History of Film as Method 46. A case study is a particular method of qualitative research. Rather than using large samples and following a rigid protocol to examine a limited number of variables, case study methods involve an in-depth, longitudinal examination of a single instance or event: a case. They provide a systematic way of looking at events, collecting data, analyzing information, and reporting the results. As a result the researcher may gain a sharpened understanding of why the instance happened as it did, and what might become important to look at more extensively in future research. Learn more in: Evaluating the Potential of Free and Open Source Software in the Developing World 47. The term case study can refer to a method, research strategy, or focus of study. In the latter meaning case studies aim at finding out what can be learned from a single case. Case studies can have quantitative and qualitative aspects, and they aim at giving rich, detailed descriptions of a phenomenon. Learn more in: The Social Study of Computer Science 66. A case study is defined as a holistic investigation and analysis of a person, group, or phenomenon within a real-life bounded system. Case studies offer researchers the opportunity to study the processes, perspectives, and experiences of a person, group, or phenomenon in the original context and culture. Case studies allow researchers to study a particular how or why question in great detail within the parameters of the person, group, or phenomenon’s unique context. Learn more in: Middle School Teachers' Sensemaking of Job-Embedded Learning 73. A form of qualitative descriptive research that is used to look at individuals, a small group of participants, or a group as a whole. Researchers collect data about participants using participant and direct observations, interviews, protocols, tests, examinations of records, and collections of writing samples. Starting with a definition of the case study, the guide moves to a brief history of this research method. Learn more in: Exploring Entrepreneurship and Innovation Scenarios in a Portuguese Hospitality Group 76. In architectural study, a case study may include a structure, bus stop, building, town, or city. A case study involves in depth investigation of depending on what need to be designed, sometimes involves people and communities as the user, experiments, simulations, surveys, or analysis. Learn more in: Partnership of Learning Construction Through Model Making: Case Study or Designing? 83. A qualitative business case study is a method of inquiry of which the individual firm that is reviewed is the basis of study, not the method of inquiry. The basic goal is to understand the complexity of a case via the most appropriate descriptive sources of data available to the researcher. In general, qualitative methods that describe best business practices were used in this chapter. Learn more in: JIT Inventory Management Strategy 98. Methods involve an in-depth, longitudinal examination of a single instance or event: a case. They provide a systematic way of looking at events, collecting data, analyzing information, and reporting the results. As a result, the researcher may gain a sharpened understanding of why the instance happened as it did and what might become important to look at more extensively in future research. Learn more in: Understanding the Virtual Community of Gamers 106. Cases are descriptions of a specific activity, event, or problem, drawn from the real-world of professional practice. They provide narrative models of practice to students and other novice practitioners. A case study is a well-accepted pedagogical method in many disciplines. The major purpose of a case study is not to present complete knowledge to students or learners. Instead, it aims to invoke critical thinking and improve problem-solving ability. Learn more in: Introducing Digital Case Library 120. A technique based on a problem-based approach. During a case study, students are provided with materials describing a concrete, authentic experience and are asked to critically analyze the case. Often, learners are asked to propose or collaboratively define a possible solution for the examined case, describing the reasons for their choices, and afterwards, they have the possibility to compare their solution to the one adopted in the real case by experts. As case studies are based on real problems, they represent a strong link between theory and practice. Furthermore, case studies are narrative forms of thinking as opposed to abstraction and generalization. For these reasons, case studies are particularly suitable for adult education, or in any situation where the ability to critically reflect upon experience is highly developed. Learn more in: Fostering Collaboration in CSCL Which research method involves an intensive investigation of one person or just a few individuals?Psychology. What is an intensive investigation of an individual or group?Case studies are in-depth investigations of a single person, group, event or community.
Which is a method used to study an individual as intensely as possible?Single-subject research—which involves testing a small number of participants and focusing intensively on the behaviour of each individual—is an important alternative to group research in psychology.
What method of research where an investigator manipulates one or more factors?The True Experiment: A research method in which an investigator manipulates one or more factors (independent variables) in order to observe the effect on some behavior or mental process (dependent variable). By randomly assigning participants to groups, other relevant factors are controlled.
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