Is Canon in D piano piece?

“Canon in D” Piano Sheet Music & Beginner Tutorial (Johann Pachelbel)

Summer Swee-Singh  /  Classical Songs / Sep 2

Looking for “Canon in D” piano sheet music and how to play it? You’ve come to the right place!

Johann Pachelbel’s “Canon in D” (also known as “Pachelbel’s Canon”) is one of our most requested classical piano tutorials. It’s a beautiful, timeless, and popular piece that nearly everyone has heard. And it’s popular at weddings, so if you’re planning to contribute some music to a loved one’s wedding, this is the tutorial for you!

Before you watch the tutorial, make sure you download the free piano sheet music to “Canon in D.” It’s been arranged especially for beginners and is made easy with written fingering.

Pachelbel’s Canon…is pretty cool

Cellists hate it. Some people think it’s overplayed. But the truth is that Pachelbel’s “Canon” is one of history’s most impactful compositions. Ever. Why? The chord progression in “Canon” is one of the most widely used chord progressions in all of Western music. You can find it (and close variations) in songs like:

• “Basketcase” by Green Day
• “Don’t Look Back in Anger” by Oasis
• “Memories” by Maroon 5
• The State Anthem of the Soviet Union

This progression is the I – V – vi – iii – IV – I – IV – V. (If you don’t know what those Roman numerals mean, check out our lesson on the number system).

Another super common chord progression is the I – V – vi – IV pop progression. This progression can be seen as a simplified version of the Pachelbel progression.

🎹 DID YOU KNOW? A traditional string quartet consists of a first and second violin, a viola, and a cello.

Canon in D: History

We don’t actually know much about Johann Pachelbel or “Canon in D.” We think it’s written in 1680, but historians aren’t sure. However, the famous progression behind the Canon predates Johann Pachelbel. Nevertheless, the Canon lay in relative obscurity until one recording catapulted it to fame in the 1970s.

🎹 DID YOU KNOW? The full title of Pachelbel’s “Canon” is actually “Canon & Gigue in D Major.” The gigue is a section that follows the canon, but isn’t often played. It’s in the same key and has a more upbeat nature. Listen to it here.

Take Your “Canon” to the Next Level

This tutorial introduces you to a beginner-friendly version of the iconic piece. But if you want to take your Canon arrangement to the next level, there are many more complex arrangements to explore. 

Here is a playlist of several known arrangements played by pianist Paul Barton. Some are denser, some are easier, and some have a different “feel” from the original Baroque style. Most of these arrangements are in the public domain so you should be able to find free, downloadable “Canon in D” piano sheet music.

If you want to learn a version that most closely resembles Pachelbel’s original arrangement for strings, check out Isaac David’s incredibly meticulous transcription and accompanying explanation.

🎹 Try Pianote for 7 Days ✨

This lesson was taught by Summer Swee-Singh, one of our awesome Pianote Coaches and an expert on arranging. To get access to Summer’s course Creating the Perfect Piano Arrangement, sign up for a free trial of Pianote. Cancel anytime.

Rabbit Hole!

More cool content about the enduring Pachelbel progression:

• “21 Songs that use Pachelbel’s Canon chord progression” by our friend David Bennett
• “Principles of Music: The Pachelbel Progression” by Musica Universalis
• “Great Composers: Johann Pachelbel” by Classical Nerd

…and don’t forget to watch the beloved Pachelbel Rant!

Charmaine Li is a Vancouver writer who has played piano for over 20 years. She holds an Associate diploma (ARCT) from the Royal Conservatory of Music and loves writing about the ways in which music—and music learning—affects the human experience. Charmaine manages The Note.

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If you’ve ever tried to learn Pachelbel’s Canon in D on the piano before, you’d discover a large number of different versions available through sheet music. Each one will also be quite different from the last. While you could pick a random one and spend a long time learning it note for note, what if I told you there was an easier way? What if there was a way that we can learn Canon in D without having to read and learn something note for note? In this lesson, we’ll take a closer look at how we can play actually play our own version of Canon in D in 5 easy steps.

Canon in D was originally written by Johann Pachelbel around the late 1600s during the baroque era of music. While it followed some common music trends of the day, it easily withstands the test of time and is reminiscent of the musical trends we see in today’s pop music. It is most commonly played for weddings to set a beautiful backdrop for the ones walking down the aisle.

What is this easy way to play Canon in D?

It’s important to note that Canon in D was originally written as a string ensemble piece, not a piano piece. This is what gives so much flexibility to musical artists to play it in a variety of ways. In today’s tutorial, in just 5 easy steps you’re going to also be able to play Canon in D your very own way! Whether you’re just a beginner or at a more advanced level, you can make it as simple or as hard as you’d like.

In this lesson, you’ll learn:

• Several popular melody options to use from Canon in D
• Canon in D’s basic chords and chord progression
• Several left-hand options to easily create a foundation for any melody
• Ways to expand the right and left hand to keep the energy going and add variation
• How to tell a story using all these techniques and create your own complete arrangement of Canon in D

Excited!? Let’s dive right in.

Getting Ready: What is Canon in D?

If you looked at the original Canon in D, you’d technically find a total of 28 different melodies. Each melody generally lasts for the duration of the repeating chord progression (see step #2) which in our case will be 4 measures. After each melody is played by the first instrument it gets passed to the next instrument who will then repeat it, and the cycle continues.

This is what creates the canon aspect of the piece: when the same melody is repeated shortly after it is played by another instrument while remaining layered on top of each other. If done right, as in Canon in D, this sounds absolutely stunning!

As this occurs, we are constantly getting rich new layers and textures as each new melody flows into the music. This is accomplished even though the chord progression remains the same. Although written hundreds of years ago, it’s starting to sound more like modern pop & contemporary doesn’t it?

An Easier Way To Create Canon in D’s Texture

We could simply learn all of these melodies note for note on the piano and then try to limit ourselves to creating that feeling and texture in the same exact way as Pachelbel. However instead, you can create the same idea and feeling in a much more easy and unique way by selecting a few favorite melodies and using musical techniques and patterns to create new layers, texture, and development as you go.

That formula is especially useful on a solo instrument such as the piano, where it may be difficult to continue a true canon through each new melody. As a piano performer at weddings, sometimes this is required since I often have no idea how long it will take exactly for the wedding party to walk down the aisle. It usually requires improvising to make it work just right.

That all being said, let’s take a look at these 5 easy steps to play Canon in D.

Step #1: Pick Your Melody for Canon in D

I’ve gone ahead and picked 3 of the most popular melodies from Canon in D that you can start with. Each one will contain faster note values than the last. The first two are pretty accessible for any beginner play. The last one is a bit more challenging, but also one of the most recognizable melodies in the piece.

You will probably notice that as the note values get faster and faster, the energy also increases. Since each of these melodies seems to contain one primary note value, we can think of it as a pulse. The first contains a half note pulse, the second a quarter note pulse, and the third a 16th note pulse. As the pulse speed increases, so does the energy. 

If you want to learn more melodies from Canon in D that you can use be sure to check out the bonus section of Pachelbel Canon in D (Intermediate/Advanced).

Step #2: Know Your Chords for Canon in D

Canon in D’s chord progression is as follows: D major, A major, B minor, F# minor, G major, D major, G major, and A major. They are simple but beautiful diatonic chords in the key of D major. Each one lasts 2 beats in the measure, which means the whole progression is played over 4 measures and then repeated.

I recommend you practice inverting the chords in such a way that they all smoothly connect to each other in a much more musical way. Playing around using different inversions on each chord you come up with several different ways to do this. Here’s an example:

If you don’t know all your chords and chord inversions, then be sure to check out our Beginner Piano Foundations Learning Tract. 

Step #3: Choose Your Left-Hand Accompaniment for Canon in D

An easy way to play and create versatile Canon in D accompaniment for piano is to use the root, 5th, and octave of each chord. You’re going to want to play that in the left hand below the melody.

Once that starts to feel easy, you can make small and simple changes to add variation and contrast. If you increase the speed of the note values you use (pulse), then you can start ramping up the energy fast. You don’t even have to necessarily change the notes that you use.

Check out these examples:

I recommend practicing each melody option you can do with each accompaniment option. Take notice of how just a subtle change can affect the emotion, texture, and energy of the music.

If you want to learn more left-hand accompaniment techniques, then be sure to check out Pop & Contemporary Piano Accompaniment Patterns (Beginner/Intermediate, Intermediate/Advanced).

Step #4: Add Embellishments to your Right Hand for Canon in D

There are many ways to add embellishments to a melody. One of the easiest and most common is to simply add harmony! To do that you can simply add more notes of the current chord underneath the melody in some way.

You can add harmony in blocked form, which means it’s heard together with the melody. You can also add broken harmony, which means it’s heard before or after the main melody note.

To learn more techniques like this to add to your right-hand melodies, be sure to check out Contemporary Progressions & Improv (Beginner/Intermediate, Intermediate/Advanced).

Step #5: Put It All Together

We’ve discussed many ways to create different colors and energy levels in the music. Now, it’s your job to tell a story with it. 

To do this, you can repeat the chord progression as many times as you like using each melody as you please. However, on each repeat think of simple ways you can change and develop the music. Think of ways you can take the energy level up or down.

You can think about the following elements: 

• Pulse
• Range
• Texture
• Complexity
• Dynamics

Here’s an example of how you might do this if you repeated the chord progression a total of 5 times. Notice the story arc I tell using the rise and fall of energy levels:

Summing It All Up

I hope you’ve enjoyed this lesson on the 5 easy steps to play Canon in D. I hope you can see now that playing great music doesn’t have to be hard. In my opinion, playing the music in your own style is truly the most enjoyable.

I encourage you to play through each example and really get a sense of it internally. Afterward, try to make it your own by mixing and matching different patterns, altering them, or even adding new ones in the right or left hand.

Be sure to download the sheet music PDF below to have the techniques and examples we discussed at your disposal. If you’re a PWJ member you can also have access to the smart sheet music and transpose it into any key!

If you want a much deeper dive into Canon in D and learn many more beautiful possibilities for both the right and left hand to take your playing to a new level, as well as accompaniment and improvisational techniques for Canon in D, then check out our full course Pachelbel Canon in D (Beginner/Intermediate, Intermediate/Advanced).

Here are some other awesome courses at Piano With Jonny:

• Pop & Contemporary Piano Accompaniment: Popstinatos
• Pop Piano Improv Happy Monday
• Fly Me To The Moon (Beginner/Intermediate, Intermediate/Advanced)
• Pop Piano Accompaniment: The One Chord Wonder
• Passing Chords and Reharmonization (Beginner/Intermediate, Intermediate/Advanced) 

Thanks for checking out this Quick Tip. See you in the next one!

Blog/Quick Tip written by Daine Jordan

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