How to use sqlite3 in php?

PHP provides two SQLite extensions by default since version 5.0. The latest SQLite extension is known as sqlite3 extension that is included in PHP 5.3+.

Nội dung chính Show

Installation
PHP Interface APIs
Connect to Database
Create a Table
INSERT Operation
SELECT Operation
UPDATE Operation
DELETE Operation
How can I use SQLite in PHP?
How do I connect to sqlite3?
How do I run a SQLite file?
Is there a GUI for SQLite?

The sqlite3 extension provides an interface for accessing SQLite 3. The sqlite3 includes class interfaces to the SQL commands. In addition, it allows you to create SQL functions and aggregate using PHP.

PHP introduced the PDO interfaces since version 5.1. The PDO is the latest PHP solution that provides a unified database access interface. Note that PDO is just an abstract layer that allows you to use a common library to access any databases. In the context of SQLite, it needs sqlite3 extension to access SQLite database.

The PDO_SQLITE extension provides the PDO driver for the SQLite 3 library. It supports standard PDO interfaces, and also custom methods for creating SQL functions and aggregates using PHP.

In this section, we will walk you through the steps of using PDO to access SQLite databases.

Connecting to SQLite database using PHP PDO – shows you how to use the PHP PDO to connect to an SQLite database.
Creating SQLite tables using PDO – guides you how to execute the CREATE TABLE statements from PHP to create new tables in SQLite from PHP.
Inserting data into tables using PDO – teaches you how to use insert data into the tables in SQLite3 using PHP.
Updating data using PDO – walk you through the steps of updating data in the existing table in SQLite database using PDO.
Querying data in SQLite database – shows you various ways to query data from the SQLite database.
Working with SQLite3 BLOB data – shows you how to work with the SQLite BLOB data type using PHP PDO with some practical examples.
Using transaction in PHP PDO – gives you an example of using SQLite transaction from PHP.
Deleting data in SQLite database – provides you with steps of deleting data in SQLite database using PHP.

In this chapter, you will learn how to use SQLite in PHP programs.

Installation

SQLite3 extension is enabled by default as of PHP 5.3.0. It's possible to disable it by using --without-sqlite3 at compile time.

Windows users must enable php_sqlite3.dll in order to use this extension. This DLL is included with Windows distributions of PHP as of PHP 5.3.0.

For detailed installation instructions, kindly check our PHP tutorial and its official website.

PHP Interface APIs

Following are important PHP routines which can suffice your requirement to work with SQLite database from your PHP program. If you are looking for a more sophisticated application, then you can look into PHP official documentation.

Sr.No.	API & Description
1	public void SQLite3::open ( filename, flags, encryption_key ) Opens SQLite 3 Database. If the build includes encryption, then it will attempt to use the key. If the filename is given as ':memory:', SQLite3::open() will create an in-memory database in RAM that lasts only for the duration of the session. If the filename is actual device file name, SQLite3::open() attempts to open the database file by using its value. If no file by that name exists, then a new database file by that name gets created. Optional flags used to determine how to open the SQLite database. By default, open uses SQLITE3_OPEN_READWRITE \| SQLITE3_OPEN_CREATE.
2	public bool SQLite3::exec ( string $query ) This routine provides a quick, easy way to execute SQL commands provided by sql argument, which can consist of more than one SQL command. This routine is used to execute a result-less query against a given database.
3	public SQLite3Result SQLite3::query ( string $query ) This routine executes an SQL query, returning an SQLite3Result object if the query returns results.
4	public int SQLite3::lastErrorCode ( void ) This routine returns the numeric result code of the most recent failed SQLite request.
5	public string SQLite3::lastErrorMsg ( void ) This routine returns English text describing the most recent failed SQLite request.
6	public int SQLite3::changes ( void ) This routine returns the number of database rows that were updated, inserted, or deleted by the most recent SQL statement.
7	public bool SQLite3::close ( void ) This routine closes a database connection previously opened by a call to SQLite3::open().
8	public string SQLite3::escapeString ( string $value ) This routine returns a string that has been properly escaped for safe inclusion in an SQL statement.

Connect to Database

Following PHP code shows how to connect to an existing database. If database does not exist, then it will be created and finally a database object will be returned.

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
?>

Now, let's run the above program to create our database test.db in the current directory. You can change your path as per your requirement. If the database is successfully created, then it will display the following message −

Open database successfully

Create a Table

Following PHP program will be used to create a table in the previously created database.

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      CREATE TABLE COMPANY
      (ID INT PRIMARY KEY     NOT NULL,
      NAME           TEXT    NOT NULL,
      AGE            INT     NOT NULL,
      ADDRESS        CHAR(50),
      SALARY         REAL);
EOF;

   $ret = $db->exec($sql);
   if(!$ret){
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Table created successfully\n";
   }
   $db->close();
?>

When the above program is executed, it will create the COMPANY table in your test.db and it will display the following messages −

Opened database successfully
Table created successfully

INSERT Operation

Following PHP program shows how to create records in the COMPANY table created in the above example.

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db){
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (1, 'Paul', 32, 'California', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (2, 'Allen', 25, 'Texas', 15000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (3, 'Teddy', 23, 'Norway', 20000.00 );

      INSERT INTO COMPANY (ID,NAME,AGE,ADDRESS,SALARY)
      VALUES (4, 'Mark', 25, 'Rich-Mond ', 65000.00 );
EOF;

   $ret = $db->exec($sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Records created successfully\n";
   }
   $db->close();
?>

When the above program is executed, it will create the given records in the COMPANY table and will display the following two lines.

Opened database successfully
Records created successfully

SELECT Operation

Following PHP program shows how to fetch and display records from the COMPANY table created in the above example −

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;

   $ret = $db->query($sql);
   while($row = $ret->fetchArray(SQLITE3_ASSOC) ) {
      echo "ID = ". $row['ID'] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row['NAME'] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row['ADDRESS'] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY = ".$row['SALARY'] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   $db->close();
?>

When the above program is executed, it will produce the following result.

Opened database successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 20000

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000

Operation done successfully

UPDATE Operation

Following PHP code shows how to use UPDATE statement to update any record and then fetch and display the updated records from the COMPANY table.

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      UPDATE COMPANY set SALARY = 25000.00 where ID=1;
EOF;
   $ret = $db->exec($sql);
   if(!$ret) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo $db->changes(), " Record updated successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;
   
   $ret = $db->query($sql);
   while($row = $ret->fetchArray(SQLITE3_ASSOC) ) {
      echo "ID = ". $row['ID'] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row['NAME'] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row['ADDRESS'] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY = ".$row['SALARY'] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   $db->close();
?>

When the above program is executed, it will produce the following result.

Opened database successfully
1 Record updated successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000

ID = 2
NAME = Allen
ADDRESS = Texas
SALARY = 15000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000

Operation done successfully

DELETE Operation

Following PHP code shows how to use DELETE statement to delete any record and then fetch and display the remaining records from the COMPANY table.

<?php
   class MyDB extends SQLite3 {
      function __construct() {
         $this->open('test.db');
      }
   }
   
   $db = new MyDB();
   if(!$db) {
      echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo "Opened database successfully\n";
   }
   $sql =<<<EOF
      DELETE from COMPANY where ID = 2;
EOF;
   
   $ret = $db->exec($sql);
   if(!$ret){
     echo $db->lastErrorMsg();
   } else {
      echo $db->changes(), " Record deleted successfully\n";
   }

   $sql =<<<EOF
      SELECT * from COMPANY;
EOF;
   $ret = $db->query($sql);
   while($row = $ret->fetchArray(SQLITE3_ASSOC) ) {
      echo "ID = ". $row['ID'] . "\n";
      echo "NAME = ". $row['NAME'] ."\n";
      echo "ADDRESS = ". $row['ADDRESS'] ."\n";
      echo "SALARY = ".$row['SALARY'] ."\n\n";
   }
   echo "Operation done successfully\n";
   $db->close();
?>

When the above program is executed, it will produce the following result.

Opened database successfully
1 Record deleted successfully
ID = 1
NAME = Paul
ADDRESS = California
SALARY = 25000

ID = 3
NAME = Teddy
ADDRESS = Norway
SALARY = 20000

ID = 4
NAME = Mark
ADDRESS = Rich-Mond
SALARY = 65000

Operation done successfully

How can I use SQLite in PHP?

In this chapter, you will learn how to use SQLite in PHP programs..

Installation. SQLite3 extension is enabled by default as of PHP 5.3. ... .

PHP Interface APIs. ... .

Connect to Database. ... .

Create a Table. ... .

INSERT Operation. ... .

SELECT Operation. ... .

UPDATE Operation. ... .

DELETE Operation..

How do I connect to sqlite3?

Connecting to SQLite.

Open the connections page in preferences, see managing connections for more information..

Click the Add new Connection button at the top of the connections page..

Select SQLite from the list..

Give a Connection name for your own internal reference..

How do I run a SQLite file?

If you are using Linux or a Mac, open a terminal window instead a command prompt. Open a command prompt (cmd.exe) and 'cd' to the folder location of the SQL_SAFI. sqlite database file. run the command 'sqlite3' This should open the SQLite shell and present a screen similar to that below.

Is there a GUI for SQLite?

The SQLiteStudio tool is a free GUI tool for managing SQLite databases. It is free, portable, intuitive, and cross-platform. SQLite tool also provides some of the most important features to work with SQLite databases such as importing, exporting data in various formats including CSV, XML, and JSON.