Biological constraints predispose organisms to most readily learn behaviors favored by

12.It is easier to train a dog to bark for food than to train it to stand on its hind legs for food.This best illustrates the importance of ________ in learning.

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13.Pigeons learn to flap their wings to avoid shock ________ easily than they learn to peck adisk to avoid shock. They learn to flap their wings to obtain food ________ easily thanthey learn to peck a disk to obtain food.

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14.Pigs trained to pick up large wooden coins subsequently delayed receiving a foodreinforcer because they would repeatedly drop and push the coins with their snouts. Thisbest illustrates

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15.Behaviorism was the view that psychology should scientifically study behavior withoutreference toA)schedules of reinforcement.B)neutral stimuli.C)punishment.D)cognitive processes.

16.If a shock is always preceded by a tone, and then sometimes also is preceded by a lightthat accompanies the tone, a rat will react

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17.Research on the role of cognitive processes in learning indicates that the strength of aconditioned response depends primarily on the ________ of the CS-US association.

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205.Evidence that organisms most readily learn behaviors favored by natural selection bestillustrates the importance ofA)vicarious reinforcement.B)latent learning.C)conditioned reinforcers.D)biological constraints.

206.When chemotherapy in a clinic triggers nausea, cancer patients may develop a nausearesponse to the sights, sounds, and smells associated with the clinic. This best illustrates

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207.Generally, ________ predispose(s) organisms to learn associations that ________.

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208.It's easier to train a pigeon to peck for a food reward than to flap its wings for a foodreward. This illustrates the importance of ________ in learning.

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209.Animals tend to revert from newly learned habits to their biologically predisposedbehaviors. This is an example ofA)latent learning.B)instinctive drift.C)preparedness.D)modeling.

210.After pigs learned to pick up and deposit wooden coins in a piggy bank, the pigssubsequently dropped the coins repeatedly and pushed them with their snout. This bestillustrates the importance of ________ in operant conditioning.

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Related Questions

• Q15:

  Birds appear to be biologically predisposed to develop aversions to the ________ of tainted food. A) taste B) smell C) sight D) sound

• Q16:

  Classical conditioning occurs most rapidly when the learner perceives the ________ to cause the ________. A) US;UR B) CS;CR C) UR;CR D) CS;US

• Q17:

  If a shock is always preceded by a tone,and then sometimes also is preceded by a light that accompanies the tone,a rat will react A) with no fear either to the tone or to the light. B) with fear to the tone but not to the light. C) with fear to the light but not to the tone. D) with equally high levels of fear both to the tone and to the light.

• Q18:

  A biological predisposition to learn associations that have survival value is referred to as A) instinctive drift. B) preparedness. C) a cognitive map. D) latent learning.

• Q19:

  Research on the role of cognitive processes in learning indicates that the strength of a conditioned response depends primarily on the ________ of the CS-US association. A) frequency B) distinctiveness C) duration D) predictability

• Q21:

  Caroline loves to read and enjoys looking up the meanings of words she does not know.In school,her teacher promises a gold star to students each time they learn a new word.The teacher's behavior is most likely to undermine A) latent learning. B) intrinsic motivation. C) prosocial behavior. D) instinctive drift.

• Q22:

  The best evidence that animals develop cognitive maps comes from studies of A) modeling. B) instinctive drift. C) latent learning. D) intrinsic motivation.

• Q23:

  When Julie saw her brother being praised for cleaning his bedroom,she increasingly engaged in cleaning her own bedroom.This best illustrates the impact of A) instinctive drift. B) classical conditioning. C) vicarious reinforcement. D) intrinsic motivation.

• Q24:

  Although Josh learned aggressive behaviors by watching a violent movie,he did not imitate those behaviors until days later when he was offered money to do so.Josh's behavior best illustrates the importance of A) classical conditioning. B) latent learning. C) unconditioned stimuli. D) intrinsic motivation.

• Q25:

  Pavlov is to classical conditioning as ________ is to ________. A) Watson;modeling B) Skinner;latent learning C) Bandura;observational learning D) Garcia;computer-assisted instruction

What are the biological constraints on classical conditioning?

How do biological constraints create learning predispositions?

What is the term for a biological predisposition of an organism to learn associations that help it survive?

What does it mean when psychologists say that there are biological constraints?